Laser Physics
Optical Dissolution of Dermal Pigments
DOCUMENT PI-WIKI-PHYS-11 // VERIFIED_STANDARD
EXECUTIVE_SUMMARY
Establishing the principles of selective photothermolysis and the acoustic fragmentation mechanisms used for pigment removal.
Laser tattoo removal is based on the principle of Selective Photothermolysis. This requires a specific wavelength of light to be absorbed by a target (chromophore) in a duration shorter than its thermal relaxation time.
The Photoacoustic Effect
When a high-energy pulse hits a pigment particle, it undergoes rapid thermal expansion. This creates a sonic shockwave (photoacoustic effect) that shatters the particle into fragments small enough for the lymphatic system to remove.
- Wavelength (nm): Must match the color of the ink (e.g., 1064nm for black, 532nm for red).
- Pulse Duration: Nanoseconds vs. Picoseconds. Shorter pulses produce higher peak pressure with less collateral heat.
- Spot Size: Determines the depth of penetration; larger spots reach deeper into the dermis.
Technical Specifications
| PARAMETER_ID | QUALIFIED_STANDARD |
|---|---|
| Targeting Principle | Selective Photothermolysis |
| Wave Range | 532nm - 1064nm (Common) |
| Fragment Size | Sub-Micron (Phagocytosable) |
| Thermal Delta | Localized > 300°C |
Cross-References
- // REF_LASER_THERAPY: Cosmetic Interaction
- // REF_ARCH_DERM: Pigment Response Studies
ACTION_REQUIRED
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